Psych 'n' Soul has a number of talented and experienced psychotherapists, counsellors and psychologists specialising in a comprehensive range of areas including:

Depression

Grief/ Loss

Anxiety/ Stress

Substance Abuse

Relationship/ Family

Chronic Pain

Trauma Life Coaching

The fundamental concern of the therapy approach used in our practice, is the need to develop and employ an empathic style and a sound therapeutic alliance built on trust, which gives pre-eminence to a collaborative approach avoiding a directive or prescriptive style and which minimises resistance. Used within the context of a planned therapeutic program, it can also have the effect of changing expectations about outcomes and could be linked to an increased sense of self-efficacy. The program emphasises the empathic alliance and the principles associated with motivational interviewing as explicated by Millar and Rollnick (1997). As such it does not comply with the principles underlying Cognitive Behavioural Therapy, although CBT strategies are used throughout the treatment phase of the program. The therapists should take a ‘non-expert' position and are non-directive or presume to know what is right for the client. We also believe that psychological and behavioural problems, including drug dependency are motivated by emotional factors, not cognitions. Direct challenges to the person's integrity or choice is thought to create resistances and impede the therapeutic process.

In the next phase the therapist allows the client to learn a new way of relating within the therapeutic frame. This allows the client to develop a new awareness of how to safely have needs met and to reduce levels of anxiety by being better able o predict responses from the environment. Changing subjective feeling states is the primary goal of therapy so that clients feel better about themselves and therefore act differently in the world.

A treatment program dealing with drug addiction needs to be based on an understanding of how pharmacotherapy works in conjunction with psychological interventions and then we need to build a structure to maximise its potential. For example, Naltrexone, when used with Cognitive Behaviour Therapy (CBT) (incorporating cue exposure), promises to produce much better outcomes than have been achieved without CBT, or when the therapy is used alone. Incorporated into this approach to drug addiction is the application of behavioural theories of conditioned responses and extinction to explain why people report reduced ‘craving'. It also explains why those who end treatment after a period of abstinence, especially coming from long-term therapeutic communities or from extended trips way from their usual environment or from jail, tend to relapse when they return to their social environment. Treatment based on cue exposure and classical and operant conditioning theory, combined with the development of an empathic and enhanced motivational style, is now possible with the use of the opiate antagonist (Naltrexone) and is contrary to earlier relapse prevention models which had as their corner-stone identification and then avoidance of triggers or cues (conditioned stimuli) and which tended to be directive and disempowering. The therapeutic components of the program are designed to:

1. Form the therapeutic alliance (empathic joining) and to motivate the patient;
2. Use the results of the psychometric test (eg., SASSI, SCL-90-R, BDI and PAI) to give feedback to help the patient understand the impact of the drug on their personality, lifestyle and mental health and to provide information for the treatment plan;
3. Use of these results to normalise the symptoms associated with psychological and physical problems and the deep sense of shame and guilt associated with substance abuse;
4. Deal with the fears relating to detoxifying, withdrawal and failed attempts to maintain abstinence and the emergence of the painful emotions associated with addiction, which the patient often goes to great lengths to avoid;
5. Develop a contract between the support person, the counsellor and the patient to comply with the program and to not self-harm;
6. Discover the purposive nature of the behaviour (the pay-off) and the triggers or cues, which results in craving (cue reactivity) and the alleviation of physiological and psychological symptoms;
7. Explore the difficulties of living without the benefits of the drug seeking and using lifestyle;
8. Explore the coping mechanisms which have been supplanted by the effects of the drug and develop new ones;
9. Investigate the patient's perception of the past, present and future and create an image of the future as the therapeutic goal;
10. Discuss issues of choice in detoxification and maintenance of abstinence. This last component is central to the concept, which guides the program and that is facilitation of client choices.